Let $\phi_{\mathrm{x}}^{\mathrm{C}}$ and $\phi_{\mathrm{z}}^{\mathrm{C}}$ denote the wavefunctions of the $2 \mathrm{p}_{\mathrm{x}}$ and $2 \mathrm{p}_{\mathrm{z}}$ orbitals of carbon, respectively, and $\phi_{\mathrm{x}}^{\mathrm{C}}$ and $\phi_{\mathrm{z}}^{0}$ represent the wavefunction of the $2 p_{x}$ and $2 p_{z}$ orbitals of oxygen, respectively. If $c_{1}$ and $c_{2}$ are constants used in linear combinations and the CO molecule is oriented along the z axis than, according to molecular orbital theory, the $\pi$-bonding molecular orbital has a wavefunction given by